一、关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that引导定语从句的基本用法: 　　 1. who/whom/that 　　 三者都可指代人: who作主语, whom 作宾语, that既可以作主语, 又可作宾语。 如: 　　 He is a good teacher who/that is loved by all. 　　 Here is the man (whom) you are looking for. 　　 注意: ①在口语中, who 可以代替whom作宾语。②关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时, 一般可省略。 　　 2. whose 可修饰人,也可修饰物; 修饰物时, 可与of which换用,whose在定语从句中作定语。如: 　　 I saw some trees whose leaves were black with diseases. 　　 = I saw some trees the leaves of which were black with diseases. 　　 3. that/which/that/which指代物, 在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。如: 　　 Emei is a wonderful place which/that is worth visiting. 　　 The film (which/that) we saw last night is wonderful. 　　 二、须特别注意以下几种特殊情况: 　　 1. 常用that 不用which的情况: 　　 ① 先行词为all, anything, everything, nothing, something等时。如: 　　 I will do all (that) I can to help you. 　　 ② 先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only, the very等所修饰时。如: 　　 He was the only person that joined the army in his village that year. 　　 ③ 先行词既有人,又有物时。如: 　　 They talked about the people and the things (that)they remembered in the school. 　　 ④ 当主句是以who 或which开头的疑问句时, 定语从句用that 引导, 以避免重复。如: 　　 Who is the boy that was here just now? 　　 2. 若被修饰的名词充当从句介词宾语时, 介词可提前于引导词之前,此时的引导词只能用whom 或which。如: 　　 The pencil with which he was writing broke. 　　 3. 当先行词为way时,其后的定语从句用in which或 that引导,也可不用引导词。如: 　　 I don’t like the way (in which/that) he talks to me. 　巩固练习: 　　 从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 　　1. To tell the truth, this is the only thing _______ I have in the world. 　　A. which B. that C. what D. of which 　　2. Everyone was on time for the meeting but Chris, ______ is usually ten minutes late for everything. 　　A. that B. which C. who D. whom 　　3. George Orwell, _______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many　 political novels and essays. 　　A. the real name B. what his real name 　　C. his real name D. whose real name 　　4. It is ______ he said it that surprised me. 　　A. the way B. in the way that 　　C. in the way D. the way which 　　5. The girl to ______ I spoke is one of my old friends. 　　A. who B. whom C. that D. which 　　Key: 1-5 BCDAB 来源：英语周报