综观近几年的高考英语试题,交际用语的考查一直是考查的热点和重点。以下我们结合历年高考试题,将交际用语的常见考点作一归纳分析: 一、祝愿及相关客套用语 例题1. I’m taking my driving test tomorrow. _______! (NMET2002) A. Cheers B. Good luck C. Come on D. Congratulations 分析:一方说明天要参加驾驶测试,根据英语语言习惯,另一方应该祝对方好运,故答案为B。 例题2. I had a really good weekend at my uncle’s. ______. (NMET1999) A. Oh, that’s very nice of you B. Congratulations C. It’s a pleasure D. Oh, I’m glad to hear that 分析:本题从四个选项的表意功能来看:A表示“你真是太好了”;B表示祝贺(如:祝贺对方取得成功);C是回答Thank you.的用语;只有Oh, I’m glad to hear that.是最符合语境的客套语,故答案为D。 二、“打电话”中的惯用语 例题3. Hello. May I speak to Zhao Hua? Yes, _______. (MET1992) A. my name’s Zhao Hua B. Zhao Hua’s me C. this is Zhao Hua speaking D. I’m Zhao Hua 分析:接电话时,常说This is sb. speaking, 而不说I’m ...,故答案为C。 例题4. Good morning, Grand Hotel. Hello, I’d like to book a room for the nights of the 18th and 19th. _______ (NMET2001) A. What can I do for you? B. Just a minute, please. C. What’s the matter? D. At your service. 分析:服务员接到电话后,需要查一下登记情况,故正确答案为B(请稍等)。 三、表示感谢、邀请和应答感谢的用语 例题5. Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me. _______. (上海1997) A. No thanks B. I’m glad you like it C. Please don’t say so D. No, it’s not so good 分析:本题所提供的情景是一方收到对方送的书之后表示感谢,四个选项中只有I’m glad you like it.符合西方人的习惯,故答案为B。 例题6. I enjoyed the food very much. I’m glad you like it. Please drop in any time you like. _______ (上海2001春) A. Is it all right? B. I’m afraid I won’t be free. C. Yes, I will. D. That’s great. 分析:对对方“常来坐坐”的邀请,应用Yes, I will.或Certainly, I will.回答,故答案为C。 四、饭店用语 例题7. Waiter! _______ I can’t eat this. It’s too salty. (NMET2000) A. Yes, sir? B. What? C. All right? D. Pardon? 分析:本题提供了一个大家常经历的场景??在饭店叫服务员。Yes?是饭店服务员对客人呼唤的应答语,意为“什么事?” 故答案为A。 例题8. Can I look at the menu for a few more minutes before I decide? Of course. _______, sir. (NMET2004 II) A. Make yourself at home B. Enjoy yourself C. It doesn’t matter D. Take your time 分析: take your time意为“不着急,慢慢来”,符合语境,故答案为D。 五、将词义辨析、语法等知识的考查融入交际用语中 例题9. Do you want tea or coffee? _______. I really don’t mind. (北京2000春) A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 分析: 本题考查特定语境中词义的辨析。根据I really don’t mind.可知后者不介意喝茶还是喝咖啡,故答案为C。 例题10. Why haven’t you bought any butter? I _______ to,but I forgot about it. (北京2001春) A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected 分析:本题既考查语言运用能力,又考查词义的辨析。根据语境可知此处表示“我本来打算去……,但……”,故答案为C。 例题11. Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He ______ it this morning. (NMET2004 II) A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 分析:根据语境,此处应理解为“他今天上午一直在做作业”。表示过去某段时间内一直进行的动作应用过去进行时态,故答案为C。 例题12. Do you think I should get a good guidebook? Yes, of course. _______, you also need a good camera and comfortable shoes. (北京2004春) A. What’s more B. In other words C. By the way D. All in all 分析:本题是在交际用语中考查习惯用语。根据上文的提问和下文的also可知,此处表示补充说明。in other words换句话说;by the way顺便说;all in all总而言之,均与句意不符,故答案为A(What’s more此外)。 例题13. I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. It _______ true because there was little snow there. (北京2002) A. may not be B. won’t be C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be 分析:本题是在交际用语中考查情态动词的用法。根据because从句和上句的意思可判断,此处应该表示 “不可能”,故答案为C。注意:may not表示“可能不”。 例题14. Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on. Where was I? You _______ you didn’t like your father’s job. (北京2004春) A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying 分析:本题是在交际用语中考查动词的时态。根据语境我们可以知道:一方讲话被打断之后,想继续下去,询问“说到哪儿了?”所以另一方的回答应该指出刚才停止的那一刻。表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作应用过去进行时,故答案为C。 由此我们可以看出,高考英语试题对交际用语的考查越来越强调综合性。考生在掌握交际用语基本运用规律的同时,必须对习语、词汇、语法等知识深入学习,以培养综合分析、全面判断的能力。也只有这样,才能做好交际用语试题。